 |
Location Guides:
 |
Classifications:
Back-Shu point of the large intestine
Meetings:
Meeting of Bladder with Large Intestine Divergent and Lung Divergent
Location:
1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4).
Needling:
Perpendicular insertion 1 - 1.5 cun
Classical Needling:
It is needled to a depth of three fen, (the needle) is retained for a duration of six exhalations, and it is moxaed with three cones. (Huangfu Mi 皇甫謐, 3rd Century,
Zhenjiu Jiayi Jing 針灸甲乙經)
TCM Actions:
Regulates the Intestines
Transforms stagnation and alleviates pain
Strengthens the lumbar region and legs
TCM Indications:
- Borborygmus, cold or damp (dong) diarrhoea, undigested food in the stool, Dysenteric Disorder (痢疾, Li Ji), blood in the stool, internal abscess, difficulty urination and defecation, constipation, prolapse of the rectum.
- Distension and pain of the abdomen, hypogastric pain, distension and fullness of the hypogastrium, twisting pain of the lower abdomen, cutting pain of the umbilical region, inability to eat and drink, remains thin despite much eating.
- Lumbar pain, stiffness and rigidity of the lumbar spine, pain and Painful Obstruction (痹, Bi) of the lower limbs, atrophy disorder, dysmenorrhoea.
Neuroanatomy:
Superficial Innervation: Dorsal rami of S1 - S3
Dermatome Segment: S3
Deeper Structures: Dorsal rami of L4
Martial Applications & Effects of Injury:
See Montaigue,
Dim Mak Locations,
Taijiworld.com for explanation of effects.
Major Combinations:
- Cold or Damp diarrhoea with undigested food in the stool:
Dachangshu Bl-25 with Shenshu Bl-23
(Wang Zhizhong, 王執中, 1220: Zhen Jiu Zi Sheng Jing, 針灸資生經, Classic of Supporting Life with Acupuncture and Moxibustion).
- Undigested food in the stool:
Dachangshu Bl-25 with Sanjiaoshu Bl-22, Liangmen St-21, Zusanli St-36, Sanyinjiao Sp-6, Xiawan Ren-10 and Xuanshu Du-5
(Wang Zhizhong, 王執中, 1220: Zhen Jiu Zi Sheng Jing, 針灸資生經, Classic of Supporting Life with Acupuncture and Moxibustion).
- Incontinence of faeces:
Dachangshu Bl-25 with Guanyuan Ren-4
(Yang Jizhou, 杨继洲, 1601: Zhen Jiu Da Cheng, 針灸大成, Great Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion).
- Borborygmus:
Dachangshu Bl-25 with Taibai Sp-3, Gongsun Sp-4 and Sanjiaoshu Bl-22
(Wang Zhizhong, 王執中, 1220: Zhen Jiu Zi Sheng Jing, 針灸資生經, Classic of Supporting Life with Acupuncture and Moxibustion).
- Prolapse of the rectum:
Dachangshu Bl-25 with Baihui Du-20, Changqiang Du-1, Jianjing GB-21, Hegu LI-4 and Qichong St-30
(Liao Runhong, 廖润鸿, 1874: Zhen Jiu Ji Cheng, 針灸集成, Compilation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion).
- Prolapse of the rectum in children:
Dachangshu Bl-25 with Baihui Du-20, Changqiang Du-1
(Liao Runhong, 廖润鸿, 1874: Zhen Jiu Ji Cheng, 針灸集成, Compilation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion).
- Pain of intestinal abscess:
Dachangshu Bl-25 with Xiangu St-43 and Taibai Sp-3
(Yang Jizhou, 杨继洲, 1601: Zhen Jiu Da Cheng, 針灸大成, Great Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion).
- Difficult ingestion with desire to drink fluids:
Dachangshu Bl-25 with Zhourong Sp-20
(Sun Simiao, 孫思邈, 625: Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang, 備急千金要方, Essential Prescriptions Worth A Thousand Gold).
I Ching Hexagram: ䷉
Hexagram attributions are my own based with an explanation given in the notes below.
Notes:
As the back-shu of the Large Intestine this is an important point for disorders of defecation when combined with other points for correcting the underlying issues.
In Mayan medicine:
Used to treat
manu jana or "the sounding of indigestion" by pinching between the fingers or piercing (Garcia, Sierra, Balam, 1999:
Wind in the Blood)
In Tibetan medicine:
Moxa point (AMNH,
Tibetan Medical Paintings).
In Thai massage:
Acupressure point along the Itha (left) and Pingala (right)
sen lines running from the navel
Shenque Ren-8 to the knee and up the back to the neck and head.
Indicated for back, hip and sacroiliac joint pain/injury/arthritis, menstruation difficulties, PMS and reproductive system ailments.
(Salguero & Roylance, 2011,
Encyclopedia of Thai Massage)
----------------------------------------
There are no direct classical attributions of the points to I Ching hexagrams in the Nei Jing or other classical sources to my knowledge, but rather it is implied within the schema of the elements so the ones given are my own and a work in progress. Other sources may differ.
They are based on the channel having the outer trigram and the point having the inner as the point is internal to the channel itself.
- Channels are assigned the trigram of their element and cardinal direction
- Ren and Du are assigned ☰ Qian, Heaven and ☷ Kun, Earth respectively
- Earth is assigned to ☶ Gen, Mountain
- Pericardium and San Jiao are assigned to ☴ Xun, Wind
This places the regular channels associated with the four directions at their four cardinal points and means that every channel's complement is also its Six Division pair. It is almost identical to the I Ching Acupuncture arrangement by
Dr Chen but with Shaoyang/Jueyin pairs reversed so that the Wood organs are in the cardinal east and Ministerial Fire is associated with Wind, as Wood turns to Fire.
The points themselves are arranged by:
- Elemental points are assigned their element
- Source points are attributed ☷ Kun, Earth, for Zang and ☰ Qian, Heaven, for Fu, as Yin and Yang are the Source of the Zang and Fu respectively
- Luo points are attributed the opposite as they connect with their Yin-Yang opposite paired organ.
- This leaves Xi-Cleft points which are assigned ☴ Xun, Wind, for their effect on acute disorders, with their complementary pairing being ☳ Zhen, Wood, the Jing-Well (Yin) and Shu-Stream point (Yang) which both deal with acute phases of disease.
- Back-Shu and Front-Mu points are assigned Qian and Kun respectively on the top due to their close association with the Du and Ren and their organ element is placed at the bottom, making them naturally pair with each other, as in Su Wen, ch. 47 that suggests treating them together.
- The gates of the Microcosmic Orbit on the Du and Ren follow the Waxing and Waning Hexagrams.
This enables them to be paired with points that share the same hexagram, their complementary opposite, or with its reverse which is the following or preceding hexagram in the King Wen sequence. Points can therefore be selected based on sharing a hexagram, their complementary opposite, or King Wen pairings in order to supplement or reduce a pathological state.
Reference Notes:
Basic information on location, needle depth, TCM actions, indications and combinations is taken from Deadman et al (2001): A Manual of Acupuncture with additional anatomical information researched by reference to Gray's Anatomy (38th Ed., 1995) unless otherwise referenced. Images were found on acupunctureschoolonline.com and can be traced back to Claudia Focks (2008) Atlas of Acupuncture originally. I cannot claim any credit or rights over them. Other sources should be quoted in the text.
For some of the more unusual terms I have created a glossary here
